Culture
Grow in moist, well-drained loams in full sun. Grows well in sandy soils, but is also somewhat tolerant of clays. Avoid poorly-drained wet soils. Plants prefer cool summer climates. Plants are generally tolerant of urban conditions. Prune annually in late winter to retain compact size. Unpruned plants may outgrow designated planting spaces as they mature.
Noteworthy Characteristics
Pinus mugo, commonly known as mugo pine or Swiss mountain pine, is a broad-spreading pine which is native to the mountains of central and southern Europe. It will grow to 20’ tall, but is often seen much shorter in a shrubby form. Dark green needles (1-3″ long) appear in bundles of two.
Var. pumilio is a dwarf form with a dense, spreading habit. It often grows prostrate with upright branching. It typically matures over time to 3-5′ tall by 6-10′ wide.
Genus name comes from the Latin name for pines.
Mugo is reportedly an ancient Tyrolean name with an unknown definition.
Problems
Pines are generally difficult to grow well in the St. Louis area because of soil and climate. Mugo pine is susceptible to tip blight, rusts and rots. Pine needle scale and sawflies can be serious problems in some areas. Moths and borers may appear.
